Dilution and Competition Norms: The Case of Federal Trademark Dilution Claims Against Direct Competitors

The Federal Trademark Anti-dilution Act How Famous Is "famous"?

Since the enactment of the Federal Trademark Anti-Dilution Act ("FTDA") in 1996, how to measure a mark's "fame" has emerged as an important and controversial issue in trademark law. Congress did not intend the FTDA to protect trademarks unless they are "truly famous." Rather than specifically defining "famous" in the legislation, Congress provided an eight-factor fame test that courts "may" con...

Determinants of Trademark Dilution

A hierarchical Bayes associative network model for brand information is developed and tested to measure the extent of harm from trademark dilution. In the proposed model, category activation thresholds are modeled in terms of brand/category familiarity, activation flows are modeled in terms of relative category knowledge, and consumer confusion and its correlates are used to capture the asymmet...

Diluted Reality: The Intersection of Augmented Reality and Trademark Dilution

Success, failure and ambiguity of the dilution effect among competitors.

It remains challenging to predict variation in the magnitude of disease outbreaks. The dilution effect seeks to explain this variation by linking multiple host species to disease transmission. It predicts that disease risk increases for a focal host when host species diversity declines. However, when an increase in species diversity does not reduce disease, we are often unable to diagnose why. ...

Friendly competition: evidence for a dilution effect among competitors in a planktonic host-parasite system.

The "dilution effect" concept in disease ecology offers the intriguing possibility that clever manipulation of less competent hosts could reduce disease prevalence in populations of more competent hosts. The basic concept is straightforward: host species vary in suitability (competence) for parasites, and disease transmission decreases when there are more incompetent hosts interacting with vect...